It's a mixed system. For most people, especially young, it's like in America: you spend thousands on insurance per year, but if you need anything, you pay thousands out of pocket. I'd say most people under 40 have never seen a single centime from their health insurance (as adults). On the other hand, if you're truly fucked, the insurance system won't let you die.
The same idea translates to the price of medicine. Over-the-counter stuff like ibuprofen costs ridiculously much (12CHF for 10 x 400mg), but this is used to subsidise stuff like chemotherapy. So far, Bernd has only been on the losing side of this system. Oh, and also, glasses and dental care, the thing most people need at some point, aren't covered. Brush your teeth and eat your carrots, Ueli. If you need glasses, it's your own fault.